A Utopia Realista de Rawls: um diálogo com a Paz Perpétua de Kant
Palavras-chave:
Utopia realista, Direito dos Povos, John Rawls, Paz Perpétua, Immanuel Kant.Resumo
O objetivo central deste artigo é analisar a proposta rawlsiana de uma teoria da justiça em um nível global apresentada na obra The Law of Peoples (O Direito dos Povos), identificando as características centrais de sua utopia realista, que se contrapõe tanto ao realismo político quanto ao cosmopolitismo igualitário. Como a inspiração deste projeto é atribuída a obra Zur ewigen Frieden (À Paz Perpétua), de Kant, buscamos estabelecer um diálogo entre estes textos com a intenção de melhor compreender o escopo do direito dos povos e quais são seus aspectos mais relevantes. Para tal fim, apresentamos as teses centrais do texto de Rawls e, em seguida, identificamos as principais características da obra kantiana. Com isso realizado, analisamos os pontos comuns das referidas propostas no âmbito normativo, destacando, também, o que as aproxima e as diferencia no nível metodológico. Por fim, defendemos que o modelo proposto de uma utopia realista, como entendemos ser a proposta de Rawls e Kant, é uma alternativa bastante viável para pautar as relações internacionais contemporâneas.Referências
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